Features:
1. Chilled water pipes underground to conserve energy needed to keep Biosphere cool during summer.
2. Some of the eleven Supertrees have photovoltaic cells on them and can store solar energy which they absorb in the day, and can convert the energy into electricity to power up machines and lights at night. This can be used by the space farm as well (which we plan to have).
3. Double-glazed windows to retain heat given off by appliances and other objects when it is nighttime or when it is cold outside, thus conserving energy required to heat up the living areas (for cold days).
4. A fraction of the biosphere (we target 3000m2) can be used to build a solar farm to trap light energy in the day, to be converted into electricity. This will be the main source of electricity on Mars.
5. Corn can be grown in the space farm and half of it can be used to make bioethanol to generate energy to be used in the form of electricity through a process called dry milling.
6. Wind farms can be built outside the domes to convert the strong winds on the Martian surface into electrical energy.
7. Our faeces can be stored in a special bin to allow the methane inside the faeces to undergo combustion and to be converted into electricity.This can serve as a small fraction of the generation of energy.
Scientific principle applied:
1. Thermal stratification: A strategy of cooling only the lower levels of the Biosphere, while warm air rises and is vented out at higher levels.
2. Photo-voltage: The ability to capture and store light energy, and convert it into electricity to be used later.
3. Insulation of heat: The ability, for some materials, to reflect heat, not absorb it, so that it can be used for warming the people when it is cold outside.
4. Photovoltage: The solar panels trap solar energy and convert it into electricity to be used.
5. Bioethanol: An alcohol made by fermentation, mostly from carbohydrates produced in sugar or starch crops such as corn, sugarcane, or sweet sorghum.
6. Wind energy: The wind causes the wind turbines to spin and turn a generator to produce electricity.
7. Methane combustion: The methane in the faeces undergoes combustion to be converted into electricity.
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